Carbon intensive goods
Carbon intensive goods are products that have a high carbon footprint and one that is considered hard to abate or somewhat inherent in their production. Some of the most common of these are key construction materials such as concrete, steel and aluminium but also fertilisers and hydrogen referred to as energy intensive industries.
There are however a number of schemes that help to try to adjust the intensity of using such materials either through adaptations in the production processes, such as with cement and concrete, the introduction of greater recycled content such as with aluminium or encouraging reuse such as with steel.
The carbon intensity as well as high greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relate to standard production, transport, and manufacture and can be measured in tCO2e per euro/dollar or pound of value or tCO2e per ton of output or material produced. A Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) measures the total greenhouse gas emissions generated throughout a product's entire life cycle, expressed in CO2e including emissions from raw material extraction, production, distribution, usage, and disposal. Because of the carbon intensity of these industries are essentially direct emissions, the UK,and other counties apply taxes through carbon pricing under the UK Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS).
However because some of these industries continue to be essentially key to for example construction and to avoid the industries moving elsewhere to reduce carbon taxes and create an increase in imported less regulated goods to the UK a mechanism called the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) will be introduced. CBAM aims to ensure that highly traded, carbon intensive goods which are imported into the UK face a comparable carbon price to that paid by manufacturers producing the same goods in the UK.
[edit] Related articles on Designing Buildings
- A zero-carbon UK by 2050?
- Black carbon.
- Blue carbon.
- Biogenic carbon.
- Biologic carbon sequestration.
- Carbon capture.
- Carbon cycle.
- Carbon dioxide.
- Carbon emissions.
- Carbon intensity.
- Carbon sequestration.
- Carbon.
- Embodied energy in construction
- Energy balancing.
- Energy Intensive Industries Compensation Scheme.
- Energy supply.
- Energy white paper.
- Geologic carbon sequestration.
- Generation nuclear.
- Net zero and green jobs.
- Net zero carbon 2050.
- Organisations prompt government to Build Back Green.
- Power generation.
- Renewable energy.
- The Government's 10-point plan: what's missing?
Featured articles
Check out some of the best features and news from Designing Buildings as well as key stories from around the web.
Gasholders: a history in pictures. Book review.
Recognition, influence and growth
SocEnv identifies three strategic pillars in new strategy to 2045.
Discover the future of roofing, cladding and insulation.
New guidance for professional practice, cultural change and regulation in social housing.
The heritage of nuclear and conventional power stations.
New measures to stop people being ripped off
Government to protect families from cowboy builders and aggressive bailiffs.
New Futurebuild showcase brings an innovation-first approach.
National Planning Policy Framework
Understanding the 2026 changes.
ECA's public affairs priorities
Member consultation opens to shape priorities for 2027 to 2030.
Dutyholder responsibilities from 1 July 2026.
Where performance meets practice
The Building Envelope Stage at UKCW Birmingham.
CIAT publishes briefing on planning reforms.

















